Ethanol Derivatives |
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Bioethanol |
Biomass Chemicals |
We have a comprehensive range of processes available which use
ethanol as the starting point:
Biologically produced hydrocarbons are excellent substitutions to petrochemical products when a renewable feedstock is desired. The acetaldehyde reactors have silver gauze catalyst. The silver is not consumed, but about every 12 months the gauze is sent back to the manufacturer for remaking. Acetaldehyde is formed mainly by the oxidation of ethanol and partly by dehydration. Acetaldehyde is raw material for acetic acid, crotonaldehyde, pyridine, pentaerythritol, peracetic acid and vinylacetate. The ethanol is taken to the acetic acid plant, and is first converted to acetaldehyde, thereafter to acetic acid. Catalyst in the acetic acid reactor is manganese acetate, which is consumed at very low rates. Acetic acid is raw material for vinylacetate, acetic anhydride, cellulose acetate, acetic esters, glycol ether acetates, chloroacetic acid, PTA and pharmaceuticals. The acetic acid is cracked to ketene in a reactor by help of a catalyst. Absorption of ketene gas in acetic acid to crude acetic anhydride is followed by distillation to pure acetic anhydride. Systems for concentration of dilute acetic acid and recovery of distillation residues are included. Acetic Anhydride is raw material for cellulose acetate (fibres, films, plastics, cellulose lacquers), aspirin, agricultural chemicals, fragrances, pharmaceuticals and explosives. Ethyl Acetate is solvent for paints, extraction agent, raw material for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and polishes. Bioethanol is converted to ethylene by passing vaporised ethanol through a catalystic reaction system. The hot ethylene/water vapour mixture leaving reactor enters a Waste Heat Boiler where some of the heat is recovered as steam. The ethylene is cooled and any acidic components are removed with the condensed water. A small quantity of caustic is added to neutralise any acids. In order to use the produced ethylene for polyethylene production it is purified using a caustic scrubber, a fixed bed absorber dryer and distillation and stripper columns. The liquid product ethylene obtained from the bottom of the stripper is used to cool a number of process streams and is then delivered at battery limits as a vapour. Ethylene is raw material for PVC, polyethylene, ethylene oxide etc.
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